About this tutorial | Overview of the functional framework | 1. Know your data | 1.1. What types of traits am I using? | 1.2. Summarize my traits | 1.3. Summarize my assemblages | 2. Gathering species into functional entities | 3. Computing distances between species based on functional traits | 4. Computing functional spaces & their quality | 4.1. Compute multimensional functional spaces and assess their quality | 4.2. Illustrating the quality of the selected functional spaces | 5. Test correlation between functional axes and traits | 6. Plot functional space | 7. Compute functional diversity indices & plot them | 7.1. Functional alpha diversity indices in a multidimensional space | 7.2. Functional beta diversity indices based on multidimensional space | References

About this tutorial | 1. Load dataset | 2. Compute the functional space | 3. Plot functional space, compute and illustrate indices | References

About this FAQ | Functional traits | What is the difference between nominal and ordinal traits? | How should I handle my data if it shows correlated traits? | Intraspecific variation in traits | My species*traits data contains NA, what should I do? | PCoA and negative eigenvalues | Functional space | Overlaying traits as vectors in the functional space | Cumulative variance explained by PCoA axes | Choosing the number of functional axes | Functional Entities vs Species frameworks | How should I choose between working with Functional Entities or Species? | Which indices can I compute with the Functional Entities framework and how? | Functional indices | Access functional specialisation and originality per species | Fuzzy traits and alpha diversity | Fuzzy traits and Weights | High beta diversity in functional space & low beta diversity using Hill numbers | Beta FD Hill and pairs of sites | What does "functionally equally dstinct species" mean? | Null values of Beta FD Hill | How to plot species detected in both assemblages with a third color?

1. Why Functional Entities (FEs)? | 2. Tutorial's data | 3. Gather species into FEs | 4. Compute alpha and beta functional indices | 5. Plot functional indices based on FEs | References

About this tutorial | Load data | Plotting more than two assemblages | Basic workflow before plotting | Plotting functional convex-hulls for more than two assemblages for one pair of axis | a - Background | b - Add the global convex-hull | c - Add the convex-hulls and species of the wanted assemblages | Plotting functional convex-hulls for more than two assemblages for several pair of axis | Gathering plots together using the patchwork package | Plotting species differently according to one trait value (coming soon...)

About this tutorial | 1. Tutorial's data | 2. Compute trait-based distance between species | 3. Compute functional space, quality metrics and plot them | 3.1. Compute functional spaces and associated quality metrics | 3.2. Focus on dendrograms | 3.3. Focus on the effect of square-rooting distance matrix before computing PcoA | References

About this tutorial | What is this tutorial about? | Let's load data and compute functional distance | Generalisation of Hill numbers for alpha functional diversity | Generalisation of Hill numbers for beta functional diversity | References